Social Setup

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The Jirga
Palas is basically a tribal culture that is still active and dominates the overall social system. The pivotal role of the “Jirga” is an important part of the culture since people of all age groups and status are bound to respect and obey the Jirga.

It is important to note that though the system of Union Council has been introduced to the society of Palas, it has been unable to dominate and is only followed as part of the mandate and charter elaborated by the Government.

In Palas socially, the traditional structure and organizational methods and delegation of power are generally based on lineages and economical, cultural, linguistic, religious, environmental and geographical conditions. These elements play an important role in strengthening the structure of the Jirga system on the basis of group interdependence.

Sigas or Jirga does not refer to a state government, but to the assembly of people which takes different forms from valley to valley.

In ancient times, there used to be a common Jirga Council of Chilas, Darel, Tangir, Harban, Jalkot, Palas and Kolai, even up in Astor as narrated by the elders of the Darma tribe in Palas.

The stability of an area's Jirga Council is established on the local and economic bases in which different tribes are organized. Various major castes such as Shin, Yashkun and Kamin and their group tribes, clans and households are found organized within the Jirga or organizational circles.Back to Top

 
     
     
      Meanings and Functions of Jirga  
     
Jirga Meeting
Jirga is a Persian word meaning gathering, a public, a "Punchayat" or a consultation. To Marree, Baloch, Pukhtoon, Tajak, Hazara and Shin tribes, the literal meaning of Jirga is a traditional institution which seeks solutions to their economic, social, cultural, regional and defence problems under their social and cultural system by integrated consultation and collective participation such as arrangement of regional defence; issuance of traditional laws; check and balance; distribution, arrangement and utilization of resources and distribution of labour etc. Back to Top
 
      Role of Community Members Under Jirga System ( Jashtero)  
     

Every village elects their "Jashtero" based on their bravery, speaking power and broad-mindedness and being free internally. They have their own parliament called Sagas, whose doors are open to all and anybody can take part in the debates. The parliament of each village sends only one "Jashtero” to the federal Sagas, which is also open to everybody. When people get into heated arguments, a loud whistle is blown after which only a "Jashtero" can speak.Back to Top

 
      Zetu and Kalak  
It becomes known from their administrative and defensive approaches that, in order to cope with external attacks or defence, Palas people have a traditional post of the Zetu who keeps them united and dynamic during tough times of defending the land. He is responsible for planning against external dangers and for defensive matters through mutual consultations. A Zetu is appointed for a certain period and for a specific purpose and he has the support of all the tribes and groups. This position is neither permanent nor is there a need to announce his termination. After the purpose is met, the position comes to an end or suspension by itself or at the time of appointing a Zetu, his term is fixed and well explained. If seen from the perspective of the regional defence, their council is established during tough conditions relying on a clan and a "zetu" is chosen from this same council.

The role of a Zetu was observed under the conditions of sending local people's army (lashkar) in 1996. He can be viewed as holding a position of a war commander (Sipah Salar). In Shina folk poetry, the war rhythms, that are locally called "Bigai wazan" (the rhythms played during an exchange of gun-fire), are reflective of it.

A Zetu manages the shortages of food, arms and warriors while a Kalak does not do these jobs, keeps an eye on the defence of the "Rom" and its survival while a Jashtero tries to keep his personal reputation. The cultural activities make a Jashtero and to a Zetu the responsibilities of defence and maintenance of unity are entrusted. In other words, what is achieved by the efforts of both is that a Jashter's earning is for the sake of his own name and a Zetu's earning is for the sake of the whole "Rom". When 12 Zetus from both the group or 24 Zetus in total, are elected, the Zetus together elect one more person from each group who is called "Qesgar" (the conceiver of a solution to an issue in case of a disagreement between the parties). It is their responsibility that if there is a disagreement between these 24 Zetus on any issue, they solve it justly. Those two conceivers elect a third person who is called "Munsif" (the judge). His responsibility is to make a final settlement of the issue which could not be resolved by the Zetus and the two conceivers, because in certain matters, the group interests are associated making it hard for people to agree. Since in Bar Palas(Daro), Darma are found (in majority), their Zetus are elected from among the clans of Sorma, Phirie, Derkhana and Bhoei Mugla. There is no Zetu of Khuka Manka here because their economical interests are based with the Kuz Palas.

In the past few years, one new position has been introduced here in comparison to a Zetu which is called a Committee Member. The Government has assigned these positions to certain people to get support. However, there is a big contradiction between the status of a Committee member and the role of a Zetu. Back to Top