| This
type is found above mixed forests of Fir/Spruce and Blue Pine
in Musha’ga, Kolai and Kunsher Sub Valleys from 3333
to 3490 meters elevation. The main species is Birch Betula
utilis. The associate shrubs are Salix sp, Juniperus sp.,
Rosa webbiana, Prunus spp. Rhamnus spp., Ephedra geradiana
and Rhododendron sp. The plants utilize water from glaciated
peaks. Growth is slow and plants in stunted form due to high
altitude, severe cold and short growth season. The bushy trees
are hacked by nomads in summer for firewood.

|